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Interested in more global health innovation news? Every week GHTC scours media reports worldwide to deliver essential global health R&D news and content to your inbox. Sign up now to receive our weekly R&D News Roundup email.Last Thursday, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the end of the global health emergency for mpox following a recommendation from WHO’s emergency committee on mpox, which also recommended continued management to prevent the virus from evolving. Bavarian Nordic’s vaccine for smallpox was deployed in the United States and Europe under emergency authorizations and recommended by WHO primarily for post-exposure during the mpox emergency, although the limited available stock that was already earmarked for wealthy countries created access challenges in low- and middle-income countries. Randomized control trials planned in endemic countries will provide more essential data about the efficacy of the vaccine against mpox. Additional data is also needed to fully understand how the strain of the virus evolved to sustain prolonged transmission between humans.Last week, the US$30 million Human Pangenome project, launched in 2019 and funded by the US National Human Genome Research Institute, published the first phase of the first human pangenome, which aims to be a genome that is more representative of the diversity of DNA in humans around the world. The genome could be an important guide for researchers building genetic tests and looking for new drug targets. This initiative addresses diversity gaps in the first reference genome, released in 2001, which have undermined the ability to develop tests that work across diverse populations.A new global research consortium organized by the Centres for Antimicrobial Optimisation Network aims to fight antimicrobial resistance by improving clinical use of antimicrobials and improving practices and guidelines for prescribers, users, and policymakers. Research hubs in Kampala, Cape Town, São Paulo, Liverpool, and London—where there is a high burden of drug-resistant infections and where there are communities highly affected by the burden of infectious disease—will generate essential data on the optimal use of antibiotics. Researchers hope this will in turn lead to more effective treatment and prevention of bacterial infections in the face of rising antimicrobial resistance worldwide.

GHTC submitted written testimony to the Senate Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, and Related Agencies (LHHS) appropriations subcommittee urging them to sustain and protect global health R&D funding at USAID in the FY24 budget.Global Health Technologies Coalition (GHTC) Outside Witness Testimony for the RecordSubcommittee on Labor, Health and Human Services, Education and Related AgenciesTestimony Submission by Jamie Bay Nishi, Executive Director, GHTC I am providing testimony on fiscal year 2024 (FY24) appropriations for the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA) on behalf of the Global Health Technologies Coalition (GHTC), a group of 45 nonprofit organizations, universities, and aligned businesses advancing the development of new drugs, vaccines, diagnostics, and other tools for global health and global health security.  I am testifying today because we still do not have the technologies that we need to achieve a future where pandemics are prevented, and health is within reach for everyone. In 2019, at least 1.27 million people were killed by antibacterial resistance. In 2021, 1.6 million people were killed by tuberculosis, 1.5 million people were newly diagnosed with HIV, and 247 million people were infected by malaria. Today, more than 1 billion people worldwide are still affected by neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). Unfortunately, it is women and children who are often the most vulnerable. And as we look toward the future, we cannot afford to sit idle and wait for future pandemic threats with the potential to match or exceed the disruption of COVID-19.To develop the technologies that we need to defeat these diseases and to prevent future pandemics, the US government needs to sustainably increase its investments in global health research programs. Public funding is critical for this sector because companies have little commercial incentive to invest in health areas that impact people in poverty. As the world’s leader in biomedical research, the United States has both a responsibility and an opportunity: with relatively small public investments, we have the power to save and improve millions of lives.Three agencies that support global health research are NIH, CDC, and BARDA, and we thank the Committee for its past support of these agencies. Still, there is a large hill ahead of us. To continue our progress toward developing lifesaving tools, we respectfully request:Increased funding for NIH, including an additional US$21 million for the Fogarty International Center (FIC) to a total of $116.1 million and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases.Increased funding for CDC to maintain its capabilities in global health and global health security research, especially for the Global Health Center (GHC) and the National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (NCEZID). An additional $775 million in new funding for the Pandemic Preparedness and Biodefense program under the Administration for Strategic Preparedness and Response for BARDA ($400 million in the President’s Budget Request).In addition to funding, we urge the Committee to request that leaders in the Department of Health and Human Services coordinate across the department’s agencies and with the State Department to ensure that US investments in global health research are efficient, coordinated, and streamlined. NIH is a global leader in biomedical research. Within NIH, Fogarty accelerates science through international partnerships, technical assistance, and researcher trainings. The agency delivers significant scientific results and foreign goodwill with less than one-quarter of one percent of the total NIH budget. Many FIC-trained scientists have led their countries’ responses to COVID-19, Zika, and Ebola, as well as to long-standing challenges such as HIV/AIDS. Fogarty is positioned to expand its role in pandemic preparedness and global health research capacity-building. With additional funding, the center could improve global disease surveillance, coordination, and training of scientists in fields that strengthen pandemic preparedness, such as disease transmission modeling. We urge appropriators to increase FIC’s relatively modest budget by $21 million in FY24. Also within NIH, the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases is the single largest funder of research on neglected and emerging infectious diseases in the world. As it undergoes a historic leadership change, we urge Congress to include report language that emphasizes the importance of the institute’s support for global health research. CDC tracks the spread of diseases and supports the development of new global health technologies, including diagnostics and vaccines. This research happens across several centers including GHC and NCEZID. CDC has recently appointed a new deputy director for global health who will connect and oversee global health programs across the agency. CDC’s GHC leads CDC’s global health security efforts; provides technical support to the President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief, the President’s Malaria Initiative, and the US Agency for International Development’s NTDs Program; and develops and validates tools such as insecticides to prevent malaria. GHC also hosts a gold-standard parasitic diseases laboratory that serves as a reference for scientists around the world. GHC needs additional funding to maintain and expand its laboratory services, expand its public health workforce, and improve its global health security efforts. Also at CDC, NCEZID develops diagnostics for global health threats and is an international reference hub for identifying and tracking known and unknown viral and bacterial diseases. The center has a leading role in the National Strategy for Combating Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria to prevent, detect, and control outbreaks of antibiotic-resistant pathogens. BARDA sponsors the late-stage development of vaccines, drugs, diagnostics, and other medical devices for naturally occurring biothreats that lack a commercial market—including emerging infectious diseases, pandemic influenza, and antimicrobial resistance. To date, however, BARDA’s work in advancing tools for emerging infectious diseases has mostly been funded through emergency supplemental appropriations. This pattern produces a delayed response with every new outbreak of emerging or reemerging diseases like Ebola, Zika, and COVID-19. We urge Congress to break this cycle by creating a new, dedicated funding line of at least $775 million to support BARDA’s efforts against emerging infectious diseases. Such funding will enable the agency to prepare for—rather than react to—future pandemic threats.  Global health research and development is unique as a foreign policy goal in that it also supports researchers in the United States. From 2007 to 2020, more than $18 billion in federal funding went to US-based institutions for research on neglected diseases, supporting estimated hundreds of thousands of jobs and generating billions more in economic growth. In addition, many of the tools and technologies developed from this funding benefit people living in the United States either directly or indirectly by strengthening national health security and global prosperity.  As we emerge from a global pandemic subdued by publicly supported science, it is clearer than ever what we can achieve with sustained funding and attention. With increased public funding for global health research, we can achieve a world that is healthier and safer for everyone.

Interested in more global health innovation news? Every week GHTC scours media reports worldwide to deliver essential global health R&D news and content to your inbox. Sign up now to receive our weekly R&D News Roundup email.The US Food and Drug administration (FDA) last week approved the first-ever vaccine for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). GSK’s Arexvy vaccine is a single shot intended for use in adults aged 60 and older and could be available as soon as fall of this year, as long as the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices provides further approval. RSV, which has an annual global death toll of 160,000 people, has challenged vaccine researchers for six decades. Building on those years of efforts, GSK’s Arexvy showed strong results in an ongoing trial of nearly 25,000 adults. Further FDA approvals for RSVP vaccines developed by Pfizer, Moderna, and Bavarian Nordic could follow soon, with the decision on Pfizer’s candidate expected as soon as this month.Last week at the 2nd Global Forum on Childhood Pneumonia in Madrid, Spain, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation announced a nearly US$200 million commitment, to be awarded over the next year and a half, to support the development and delivery of affordable vaccines for some of the leading causes of childhood mortality, including pneumonia, meningitis, neonatal sepsis, and RSV. This includes supporting a more affordable next-generation pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, Pneumosil, developed by the Serum Institute of India and PATH and advancing a Group B streptococcus vaccine entering phase III trials later this year. The foundation is partnering with the companies developing these vaccines to ensure they are available and affordable to Gavi and low- and middle-income countries, therefore narrowing the gap between the rollout of vaccines in high-income and Gavi-supported countries.A new gold-standard clinical trial in Kenya showed that a single dose of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine may be as effective as two or three doses over at least three years. Deploying a single-dose strategy could dramatically lower the rates of cervical cancer and other associated diseases, as well as extend vaccine supplies, lower costs, and simplify distribution, especially in low- and middle-income countries. At least 24 countries have already shifted to a one-dose approach, and this trial could make it a more widely adopted strategy, which the World Health Organization estimates could prevent 60 million cervical cancer cases and 45 million deaths worldwide over the next 100 years.