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As the governance body of the World Health Organization (WHO) meets next week for the 154th session of the Executive Board (EB)—which features agenda items on immunization, tuberculosis (TB), neglected tropical diseases (NTDs), and antimicrobial resistance (AMR)—GHTC urges policymakers to prioritize the following actions to strengthen research and development (R&D) to address these urgent health challenges:Develop a comprehensive global immunization research framework to support the goals of the Immunization Agenda 2030. The framework should outline priority research areas and foster global collaboration to address research gaps and accelerate vaccine development and introduction.Substantially increase investments in TB R&D and embrace global research coordinating platforms. To meet the goals of the Global Strategy on Tuberculosis Research and Innovation, member states must increase domestic investments in TB R&D in line with fair share targets and supercharge research efforts to develop novel vaccines, point-of-care diagnostics, and improved therapies, while ensuring tools are appropriate for all populations, including pregnant people and children. Member states should also embrace platforms that support improved TB research coordination, such as the new prioritized research agenda for drug-resistant TB and common research protocols.Expand investments in NTD R&D to address gaps in the availability of safe and affordable diagnostics and treatments. In implementing research efforts to support the NTD roadmap, member states and WHO should position impacted countries to lead in R&D priority setting, promote South-South collaboration models, consider the growing impact of climate change, and ensure interventions are tailored to the unique needs of different regions. They should also consider ways to better align the prequalification and regulatory approval processes to accelerate access to diagnostics.Bolster investments and incentives for R&D for new antimicrobials and other tools to fight AMR and improve global surveillance and laboratory capacity. Innovations should be developed with the goal of promoting broad accessibility, including for vulnerable populations and those in low-resource settings. Members states should actively participate in the global surveillance system for AMR and support the creation of a global AMR laboratory network to strengthen diagnostic capacity. In advance of this year’s United Nations (UN) High-Level Meeting on AMR, it is also vital that WHO and other relevant UN agencies hold an open, inclusive consultative process to define global AMR priorities.Read GHTC’s full position statements on each agenda item below.

Interested in more global health innovation news? Every week GHTC scours media reports worldwide to deliver essential global health R&D news and content to your inbox. Sign up now to receive our weekly R&D News Roundup email. There is new hope that yaws, a chronic, disfiguring childhood disease, could be eradicated by 2030 with a renewed focus and hopefully, some new tools, especially given the emergence of resistance in the last few years to azithromycin, which has been used as an alternative to penicillin for yaws treatment since 2012. Despite the need for new tools to address the remaining burden of the disease, there are disappointingly few in the pipeline. There is one drug, linezolid, being evaluated that, like azithromycin, is easy to transport and administer, as well as an updated mass community treatment approach with azithromycin. Although the bacteria that causes yaws is tricky to target with a vaccine, ongoing research on a syphilis vaccine that targets the same bacteria that causes yaws could offer cross-protection. With underreported cases also a barrier to eradication, new, robust tests are also a major gap in the tools in our arsenal. The first human trial of a new vaccine against the deadly Nipah virus began last week after the work, which started in 2017, was paused during the COVID-19 pandemic. South Asia faces the greatest burden of Nipah virus, the priority pandemic pathogen that can be fatal in up to 75 percent of cases. There are currently no treatments or vaccines available against Nipah. The new vaccine, ChAdOx1 NipahB, which was developed using the same viral vector vaccine technology as the University of Oxford and AstraZeneca’s COVID-19 vaccine, will be evaluated over the next 18 months in a trial led by the Oxford Vaccine Group and funded by the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI). The World Health Organization (WHO) recently prequalified the novel oral poliovirus vaccine type 2 (nOPV2), the first prequalification of a vaccine being used under WHO's emergency use listing. nOPV2 was developed by an international consortium, which included GHTC members: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and PATH, and is as safe and effective as its predecessor, the oral polio vaccine, but more genetically stable, meaning it is much less likely to lead to vaccine-derived outbreaks. Nearly 1 billion doses of the vaccine have been administered across 35 countries since the rollout began in March 2021, and it has already played a key role in addressing outbreaks of type 2 variant poliovirus. WHO's decision now paves the way for even more countries to receive the vaccine.The Novo Nordisk Foundation, the nonprofit holding of Novo Nordisk and Novozymes, has announced a new grant of $25 million to the Combating Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria Biopharmaceutical Accelerator (CARB-X). With this grant, the Novo Nordisk Foundation joins major governments and foundations in supporting the work of CARB-X to accelerate the early-stage development of innovative tools to prevent, diagnose, and treat drug-resistant bacterial infections. Efforts are focused on the most dangerous bacteria, which have been prioritized by the World Health Organization and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the syndromes with the greatest morbidity and mortality across the world, and the performance characteristics that clinicians and patients need the most. Since 2016, CARB-X has funded 93 projects in 12 countries, with 19 projects having advanced into or completed clinical trials; 12 actively in clinical development, including late-stage clinical trials; and two diagnostic products on the market.  

Interested in more global health innovation news? Every week GHTC scours media reports worldwide to deliver essential global health R&D news and content to your inbox. Sign up now to receive our weekly R&D News Roundup email. Newly published research found that a new compound worked in test tubes and mice against infections caused by the carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) bacterium. CRAB can cause serious infections and death in critically ill hospital patients, is classed as a priority pathogen by the World Health Organization, and is resistant to many known antibiotics. The drug, zosurabalpin, was identified after screening about 45,000 small molecules with potential antibiotic properties and seems to be effective against the bacterium’s notoriously tricky structure. While research is still in early stages, the results provide hope for the potential treatment of hard-to-treat infections caused by CRAB and other bacteria.A research team used artificial intelligence (AI) to discover a new class of antibiotics for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, better known as MRSA, which kills thousands globally every year. The researchers used deep-learning models to screen approximately 12 million commercially available compounds and then conducted lab tests for around 280 of them, eventually identifying and testing in mice two promising antibiotic candidates from the same class. The research not only points to a potential treatment for MRSA but also highlights the potential of AI in speeding up drug discovery. A recent study provided insight into newly identified flu-fighting antibodies that could lead to the development of broader, more durable flu vaccines. The researchers examined the curiously strong immune responses in certain individuals after they received a trivalent flu vaccine and discovered the production in some people of a specific type of antibody that targets two dominant flu strains. By reverse-engineering their immune responses, researchers hope to improve our understanding of how to produce a vaccine that could elicit antibodies against multiple strains of the flu. While this research does not take us closer to developing a truly universal flu vaccine, these insights could lead to improved vaccines that offer better, longer-lasting protection against multiple flu subtypes.