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Interested in more global health innovation news? Every week GHTC scours media reports worldwide to deliver essential global health R&D news and content to your inbox. Sign up now to receive our weekly R&D News Roundup email. A team of scientists at the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine has discovered a new snakebite treatment that can prevent the devastating skin and muscle damage caused by African spitting cobra venom, which can lead to permanent injuries and disfigurements. There are currently no effective treatments for addressing severe bites caused by venom from the spitting cobra, which is responsible for a substantial portion of snakebites in Africa. The scientists found that repurposing the small molecule drug varespladib to target one of the two major toxins in the venom was effective, even when delivered up to an hour after the bite, and the drug also provided protection from venom-induced muscle toxicity.Newly shared research found that a dose-sparing mpox vaccine approach, which was used during the 2022 mpox outbreak in the United States as global vaccine supplies were stretched, is safe and effective. The study tested an intradermal mpox vaccination regimen in adults using the Jynneos vaccine containing either one-fifth or one-tenth the standard dose, finding the former was generated a comparable antibody response to the standard vaccine regimen. These findings underscore real-world data that have shown similar effectiveness for this dose-sparing intradermal regimen and the standard subcutaneous regimen. The new findings are also timely as a widespread mpox outbreak continues in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.Last week, Kephera Diagnostics announced that it received a two-year $606,498 grant from the US National Institutes of Health to help fund the development of a point-of-care test for congenitally transmitted (or mother-to-child transmitted) Chagas disease, which is believed to be the primary transmission method of the disease in the United States. The company will use the funding to develop a point-of-care blood test that can be used to diagnose infection at the point of delivery by measuring the levels of the antibodies that are believed to be the first to appear in the blood in response to infection and can be differentiated from maternal antibodies. Congenital Chagas can be treated with two drugs that are approved for pediatric use, but because the disease is often asymptomatic in newborns, it can resemble the symptoms of other infections and be hard to correctly diagnose.

Thank you for the opportunity to provide feedback on agenda items that will be tackled during this year’s World Health Assembly. GHTC urges US policymakers to prioritize the following actions to strengthen research and development (R&D) to address these urgent health challenges: On antimicrobial resistance (AMR), it is vital to bolster investments and incentives for R&D for new antimicrobials and other tools to fight AMR and to improve global surveillance and laboratory capacity. Innovations should be developed with the goal of promoting broad accessibility, including for vulnerable populations and those in low-resource settings. The United States should work with member states to support the resolution tabled under this agenda item and call for the creation of a global AMR laboratory network to strengthen diagnostic capacity. In advance of this year’s United Nations High-Level Meeting on AMR, we also urge the United States to push the relevant United Nations agencies to hold an open, inclusive consultative process to define global AMR priorities. On maternal and child health, we welcome the draft resolution and its proposed language calling for increased R&D of health tools to address the specific medical needs of women and children, which are often neglected. We urge the United States to support the ongoing work of the Global Accelerator for Paediatric Formulations Network, or GAP-f, including prioritizing R&D for priority products on the World Health Organization’s (WHO’s) Paediatric Antiretroviral Drug Optimization list. For pregnant women, we need to speed up and scale up access to preventive tools and treatments and include pregnant and lactating women in research and clinical trials to improve data quality and availability of therapeutic options. On tuberculosis (TB) and neglected tropical diseases (NTDs), we urge the United States to work with member states to substantially increase investments in R&D. To meet the goals of the Global Strategy for Tuberculosis Research and Innovation, member states must increase domestic investments in TB R&D in line with fair share targets and supercharge research efforts to develop novel vaccines, point-of-care diagnostics, and improved therapies while also ensuring tools are appropriate for all populations, including pregnant people and children. In implementing research efforts to support the NTD roadmap, member states and WHO should position impacted countries to lead in R&D priority-setting, promote South-South collaboration models, and consider the growing impact of climate change. For both TB and NTD innovations, the United States should work with WHO’s divisions on Science and Access to Medicines and Health Products, as well as member states to consider ways to better align the prequalification and regulatory approval processes to accelerate access to vaccines, diagnostics, and therapeutics.  

GHTC sent letters to House and Senate appropriations subcommittees: the Subcommittee on Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, and Related Agencies (LHHS); the Subcommittee on State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs (SFOPS); and the Subcommittee on Defense, urging these subcommittees to sustain and protect global health research and development funding in the fiscal year 2025 (FY25) budget.

Interested in more global health innovation news? Every week GHTC scours media reports worldwide to deliver essential global health R&D news and content to your inbox. Sign up now to receive our weekly R&D News Roundup email. As reports of H5N1 bird flu circulating in dairy cow herds across the United States continue, the experts in charge of preparing and responding to pandemics are now considering our ability to quickly develop a vaccine if human transmission were to occur in the future. The world has decades of experience producing, regulating, and updating flu vaccines, as well as the recent memory of the incredibly rapid development of vaccines during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, current global production capacity for flu vaccines would not yield enough doses quickly enough to vaccinate the large portion of the world’s population that would be necessary to quell a bird flu pandemic. Adjuvants—compounds that boosts immune response to the active vaccine antigen —or the introduction of an mRNA vaccine could, respectively, stretch supplies and speed up production, but it is not clear that there is sufficient production capacity for relevant adjuvants, and it is unclear how close producers are to advancing mRNA flu vaccines to market. Additionally, current flu production capacity is highly concentrated in high-income countries with no flu production in Africa, underlining the potential of another highly inequitable pandemic response.Last week Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV) and Novartis announced positive data from their Phase 2/3 trial in Africa demonstrating the efficacy and safety of a novel formulation of the Coartem® malaria medicine developed for babies weighing less than 5 kilograms. Previously, this population lacked access to an evidence-based treatment option developed specifically for them, with this trial becoming the first evidence-based trial conducted to evaluate a new antimalarial dose and regimen for all infants under 5 kilograms with acute uncomplicated malaria. This population is currently treated with tablets meant for higher-weight children that are simply adjusted for weight, which can lead to overdose and toxicity in smaller kids. The data have been submitted for regulatory review, and if approved, the partners aim to make the treatment available as soon as possible.The Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative (DNDi) and partners have initiated a Phase 2 clinical trial in Ethiopia testing an innovative, safer, simpler, and patient-friendly medicine to treat visceral leishmaniasis, the world’s deadliest parasitic killer after malaria. Visceral leishmaniasis is currently treated with painful injections that must be given at the hospital daily for 17 days and can cause rare but life-threatening side effects. The hope is that the new drug, which is administered via oral pills, will be efficacious, less toxic, and more accessible than the currently available treatment regimen, ensuring earlier access to treatment. A similar Phase 2 trial is also being conducted in South Asia to test if patients in the two endemic regions respond differently to the treatment.