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Interested in more global health innovation news? Every week GHTC scours media reports worldwide to deliver essential global health R&D news and content to your inbox. Sign up now to receive our weekly R&D News Roundup email.A combo flu and COVID-19 vaccine developed by Novavax elicits a strong immune response similar to stand-alone flu and COVID-19 shots, according to initial results of a phase 1/2 trial announced last week. The trial, conducted among 642 older adults between 50 to 70 years old in Australia, sought to identify an optimal dose of the vaccine using a modeling-based approach. The shot generated a similar immune response to both a stand-alone influenza vaccine as well as a stand-alone COVID-19 shot, and the modeling showed the combined formulation could reduce the total antigen amount by up to 50 percent, which could boost production and delivery. Novavax is launching a phase 3 study to continue evaluating the combination vaccine.BenevolentAI and the Drugs for Neglected Disease initiative (DNDi) have launched a joint research project to combat dengue, for which there is currently no effective treatment. The collaboration will use an AI-enhanced approach—using a data foundation developed from various independent data sources—to identify the underlying mechanisms involved in dengue infection and provide a host of potential biological targets and drug repurposing candidates that could help stop progression to severe dengue. Once the most promising drug candidates are identified, they will be evaluated in clinical trials in partnership with dengue-endemic countries. Applying cutting-edge AI technology to help neglected patients opens an exciting opportunity to rapidly identify and evaluate promising drug candidates, according to DNDi.The first open-air study of genetically engineered mosquitoes in the United States is now complete and shows promising results, according to biotechnology firm Oxitec, which is running the experiment. The experiment, launched in April 2021, involved releasing nearly 5 million engineered Aedes aegypti mosquitoes in the Florida Keys over the course of seven months. Oxitec’s engineered male mosquitoes carry a gene that is lethal to female offspring, causing the population to dwindle as each generation mates. While the experiment showed females did die as intended due to the gene, larger tests are still needed to determine whether the insects can achieve the ultimate goal of suppressing a wild population of potentially virus-carrying mosquitoes, and controlled clinical trials will be required to assess whether the method reduces transmission of dengue or other viruses carried by A. aegypti.

The record-breaking speed at which COVID-19 vaccines were developed was a triumph of modern science. Yet the world is still without preventative vaccines to combat many diseases that enact a heavy toll on communities around the world—underscoring the need for continued investments in vaccine research and development.In recognition of World Immunization Week, GHTC is testing readers’ knowledge of vaccines for some of the world’s leading global health challenges. For each disease listed below, answer yes or no as to whether an approved vaccine exists.

Malaria is one of the world’s oldest and deadliest diseases. Thanks to international efforts to develop and scale up prevention tools and treatments, significant gains have been made over the past few decades in fighting this dangerous disease. But challenges, such as growing drug and insecticide resistance and disruptions from COVID-19, have hampered control efforts. Unfortunately, in 2020, both malaria cases and deaths increased significantly from the prior year—indicating progress against the disease has stalled and underscoring the need for continued research and development of new tools.In recognition of #WorldMalariaDay, test your knowledge of this deadly disease and the innovations being advanced to #EndMalaria: